REFERENCES

Ref.1: Palos Verdes Of Today, 1926, n.p., 1926, verso page.

Ref.2: Robert M. Fogelson, The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles, 1850-1930, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967, 78-79.

Ref.3: Frederick Law Olmsted, Sr. founded one of the most eminent landscape architecture firms in the United States, active from 1857 to 1971. His stepson, John C. Olmsted, and his son, Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., were the direct heirs to the firm. Although the senior Olmsted died in 1903, his son Frederick, because of the same name, was frequently confused with his father. Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. continued as head of the firm until 1949.

Ref.4: "Riverside, Illinois, A Residential Neighborhood Designed Over Sixty Years Ago, Selections from the Papers of Frederick Law Olmsted, Senior," Landscape Architecture, 21 (July, 1931): 256-291.

Ref.5: Olmsted Brothers or Olmsted Associates or Association as the firm was often referred, had a distinguished work record of 5,500 commissions. The firm's schematic records, working drawings, plans, etc. are maintained by the National Park Service in the archives at "Fairsted," the Olmsted family house and studio at Brookline, Massachusetts. The Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress holds the Job Files of the firm covering the years 1870-1950.

Ref.6: Other Los Angeles area suburban community planning projects by Olmsted Brothers include Alta San Raphael (Pasadena, 1922-1926), Benmar Hills (1924), Pacific Palisades (1927), and Bel-Air (1929-1930).

Ref.7: The work in Palos Verdes appears to have continued during the war at a slower pace, with studying, nurturing and propagating at the Olmsted Brothers' nursery (established in 1914) various species of plants, trees, bushes and flowers. Olmsted Brothers were concerned about the planting of a variety of trees and shrubs at Palos Verdes and consulted with forestry experts. Thousands of trees and shrubs were used later to cover the mostly barren ravines and hillsides, and line the streets, parks and private gardens. The nursery supervisor sent planting lists to the Brookline office, indicating desirable native and imported varieties such as Pinus ponderosa, Quercus lobata, Catalina Cherry, Eucalyptus Red Box, Ficus religiosa, pepper tree, Coast Live Oak, Dwarf Date Palm, etc.

Ref.8: John C. Olmsted, in a letter written late in 1913 to James F. Dawson, expressed his doubts about taking on the project because it was too far from the Brookline, Massachusetts home office to supervise, and that his stepbrother Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. was concerned about its "esthetic control": I do not go quite as far as my brother now wants to, and take the stand that we will not take up any work which we cannot control, as regards esthetic matters, from beginning to end. In other words, he would not want to make a preliminary report and preliminary plan even, unless we could put one of our own assistants in charge of the executive of the plan and visit the work often enough to control its esthetic development. John C. Olmsted to Mr. James Frederick Dawson, 19 December 1913, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 2-3.

Ref.9: Frank A. Vanderlip, From Farm boy To Financier, New York & London: D. Appleton-Century Company Inc., 1935, 250.

Ref.10: John C. Olmsted to Mr. W. H. Kiernan, Representing Palos Verdes Syndicate c/o Mr. F. A. Vanderlip, 9 October 1914, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 12-13.

Ref.11: Nolen, John, ed. City Planning, A Series of Papers Presenting the Essential Elements of a City Plan. New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1916.

Ref.12: Trust Indenture Palos Verdes Project between E. G. Lewis and Title Insurance and Trust Company Trustee, James, Pace and Smith, Counsel, H. T. Cory, Chief Engineer, Charles H. Cheney, City Planner, Los Angeles, California, December, 1921, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 12-13.

Ref.13: Deed restrictions, a contractual agreement between the developer and individuals who purchase property, cannot be enforced by police powers as can zoning laws, enacted as ordinances by a City Council. Zoning controls use of land and buildings, height of buildings, open space around buildings, and density of population or lot area per family. Olmsted Brothers indicated zoning in maps produced for the Palos Verdes Projects as did developers of Beverly Hills. Beverly Hills' zoning and in the San Fernando Valley townsites fell under the jurisdiction of Los Angeles County ordinances.

Ref.14: Article VI, Section I "Declaration of Basic Restrictions" reads: (2) (a) That no part of said property shall be sold, conveyed, rented or leased in whole or in part to any person of African or Asiatic descent or to any person not of the white or Caucasian Race; (b) That no part of said property shall be used or occupied or permitted to be used or occupied in whole or in part by any person of African or Asiatic descent or by any person not of the white or Caucasian race, except that domestic servants, chauffeurs, or gardeners of another race may live on or occupy the premises where their employer resides, or with the written approval of Palos Verdes Homes Association in such hotel, club, student boarding house, hospital, or other building as it may approve under uniform regulations; provided that the provisions of this paragraph may be temporarily waived by the Trustee with the approval of the first party during development and construction work of this project as to any laborers or workers of another race while employed on the said work; and provided further, that pending development, subdivision and sale, cropping agreements or farming leases for periods not to exceed two years each may, with the approval of Palos Verdes Homes Association, be executed by the Trustee to persons other than of the white or Caucasian race.

Ref.15: Charles H. Cheney, "Palos Verdes Estates - A Model Residential Suburb," Pacific Coast Architect, 31 (April 1927): 21.

Ref.16: Fogelson, Robert M., The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles, 1850-1930, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967, 155.

Ref.17: W. L. Stoddard, "Frank A. Vanderlip's Biggest and Handsomest of All Country Clubs," Boston Evening Transcript, (18 July 1914), 5.

Ref.18: Advertisement, California Southland, No.74, (February, 1926), 36.

Ref.19: Charles Lockwood and Jeff Hyland, The Estates of Beverly Hills, Beverly Hills, California: Margrant Publishing Company, 1984, 15.

Ref.20: "Art Jury Under Fire; Investigation Ordered," Palos Verdes News, (4 July 1941), 1.

Ref.21: Ibid.

Ref.22: Beverly Hills "became the 'social center of the movie colony, and goal of tourists' as W. W. Robinson noted in his 1939 history of Beverly Hills." Johnson Heumann Research Associates, Beverly Hills Historic Resources Survey, 1985-1986, Final Report Prepared for: City of Beverly Hills and Office of Historic Preservation State of California, Los Angeles: Johnson Heumann Research Associates, 1986, 13.

Ref.23: Vanderlip, 250.

Ref.24: Frederick Law Olmsted, "ENTRANCE FROM REDONDO DIRECTION," 9 January 1923, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 1.

Ref.25: Frederick Law Olmsted, Argument for Parkways (Abstract of Report by Frederick Law Olmsted), Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 1.

Ref.26: "Magnificent Hostelry to Crown Commanding Knoll Between the City and the Sea," Los Angeles Sunday Times, Real Estate and Development Section, (14 May 1911).

Ref.27: Frances Duncan, "The Landscaping at Palos Verdes," Los Angeles Times, (23 September 1928).

Ref.28: Frances Marion, Off With Their Heads! A Serio-Comic Tale of Hollywood, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1972, 178.

Ref.29: Reyner Banham, Los Angeles, The Architecture of Four Ecologies, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin Books Ltd., 1973, 143.

Ref.30: George D. Hall. "Beverly Hills, California: A Subdivision That Grew Into A City." American Landscape Architect. .3/20 (August1930): 25-6.

Ref.31: Fogelson,155.

Ref.32: First Development of 3200 Acres, Palos Verdes Estates Map, Third Edition, February, 1926.

Ref.33: D. D. Hatfield and Gerry Fitzgerald, Zoning Atlas of Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles: Hatfield Mapping Service, 1942.

Ref.34: Charles Lockwood and Jeff Hyland, The Estates of Beverly Hills, Beverly Hills, California: Margrant Publishing Company, 1984, 9.

Ref.35: The history of the literary and visual imagery of nineteenth century Americans who identified California with the Mediterranean is discussed by Kevin Starr in chapter 12, "An American Mediterranean," in his book Americans and the California Dream, 1850-1915 New York: Oxford University Press, 1973. Of particular note are the efforts of city planner and landscape architect John Nolen (a colleague of Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr.), who came to San Diego in 1908 to prepare a plan for a Mediterranean city, organized with plazas, paseos and alamedas, and identified with place names in the Spanish language. Later the 1915 Panama-California Exposition, held at San Diego, with its architecture by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue set the direction for Spanish Colonial Revival residences in Southern California, and large planning efforts for civic centers and suburbs in that mode. Architects in Los Angeles were already practicing in the Spanish Colonial Revival style and were poised to continue it with a special Californian flavor.

Ref.36: MINUTES Palos Verdes Art Jury Seventh Meeting - January 17, 1923 At Los Angeles, California, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates.

Ref.37: Types of Architecture Approved for Palos Verdes Estates. Palos Verdes Estates: Building Commissioner, n.d. Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 8.

Ref.38: Ibid.

Ref.39: Ibid.

Ref.40: Ibid.

Ref.41: Ibid.

Ref.42: "Frederick Law Olmsted Residence at Palos Verdes," Los Angeles Examiner. n.d., Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, section IV, 6.

Ref.43: Types of Architecture Approved for Palos Verdes Estates. Palos Verdes Estates: Building Commissioner, n.d. Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates, 8.

Ref.44: Francis Pierpont Davis and Walter Swindell Davis, et al., Ideal Homes in Garden Communities, A Book of Stock Plans, New York City: Robert M. McBride and Company, 1919.

Ref.45: David Gebhard, Schindler, Santa Barbara and Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith, Inc., 1980, 131.

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Archives

Olmsted Associates. Records Job File 5950. Library of Congress Manuscript Division.

Books

Armitage, Merle. Success Is No Accident, The Biography of William Paul Whitsett. Yucca Valley, California: Manzanita Press, 1959.

Banham, Reyner. Los Angeles: The Architecture of Four Ecologies. Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books, 1973.

Bauman, Gus. History of Palos Verdes Estates, California. Monterey, California: Angel Press, 1975.

Bottomley, William Lawrence. Spanish Details. New York: William Helburn Inc., 1924.

Brinckloe, William Draper. The Small Home: How to Plan and Build It, With Sixty Practical Plans for Low Cost Bungalows, Cottages, Farmhouses, Apartment, Garages and Barns. New York: R. M. McBride, 1926.

Craig, Lois A. Suburbs. Minneapolis: Walker Art Center, 1986.

Davis, Francis Pierpont, Walter Swindell Davis, et al. Ideal Homes In Garden Communities, A Book of Stock Plans. New York City: Robert M. McBride and Company, 1919.

Edgell, G. H. The American Architecture of To-day. New York and London: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1928.

Fink, Augusta. Time and the Terraced Land. Berkeley, California: Howell-North Books, 1966.

Fogelson, Robert M. The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles, 1850-1930. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967.

Garden City Company of California. Ideal Homes in Garden Communities. New York: R. M. McBride and Company, 1916.

Garvin, Alexander. The American City: What Works, What Doesn't. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.

Gebhard, David. A Guide to Architecture in Los Angeles and Southern California. Santa Barbara, California: Peregrine Smith, 1977.

Kem Weber: The Moderne in Southern California 1920 Through 1941: Exhibition at the Art Galleries, University of California. Santa Barbara, 11 February to 23 March 1969. Santa Barbara: Printed by Standard Print, 1976.

Lloyd Wright, Architect. Santa Barbara: University of California, Santa Barbara Art Galleries, 1971.

Los Angeles in the Thirties, 1931-1941. Los Angeles: Hennessey and Ingalls, 1989.

Romanza: The California Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1988.

Santa Barbara- The Creation of a New Spain in America: an Exhibition Organized for the University Art Museum, University of California, Santa Barbara, 3 November Through 12 December 1982. Santa Barbara: University Art Museum, 1982.

Schindler. Santa Barbara and Salt Lake City: Peregrine Smith, Inc., 1980.

Holden, Henry R. "Design of a Waterworks System for a Part of the Palos Verdes Estates, California." B.S. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 1931.

Homes of Architectural Distinction, A Book of Suggested Plans Designed by The Architects' Small House Service Bureau, Inc.. New York and London: Harper and Brothers Publishers, 1929.

James, George Wharton. California Romantic and Beautiful Boston: The Page Company, 1914.

Johnson, Kaufman, Coate: Partners in the California Style. Santa Barbara, California: Capra Press, 1992.

Kirker, Harold. California's Architectural Frontier: Style and Tradition in the Nineteenth Century. Santa Barbara: Peregrine Smith, 1973.

Krueckeberg, Donald A., ed. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Center for Urban Policy Research, 1994.

Lockwood, Charles and Jeff Hyland. The Estates of Beverly Hills. Beverly Hills, California: Margrant Publishing Company, 1984.

Marion, Frances. Off With Their Heads! A Serio-Comic Tale of Hollywood, New York: The Macmillan Company, 1972.

Morgan, Delane. The Palos Verdes Story. Palos Verdes Estates, California: Review Publications, 1982.

Mulholland, Catherine. The Owensmouth Baby: The Making of A San Fernando Valley Town. Northridge, California: Santa Susana Press, 1987.

Myron Hunt, 1868-1952: The Search for a Regional Architecture, 3 October-9 December, 1984, Baxter Art Gallery, California Institute of Technology. Santa Monica, California: Hennessey and Ingalls, 1984.

Newcomb, Rexford. The Old Mission Churches and Historic Houses of California. Philadelphia and London: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1925.

Newcomb, Rexford. The Spanish House for America: Its Design, Furnishings, and Garden. Philadelphia and London: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1927.

Occidental College. Myron Hunt at Occidental College. Los Angeles: Occidental College, 1986.

Olmsted, Frederick Law. City Planning. Washington, D.C.: American Civic Association, 1910.

How to Organize a City Planning Campaign. New York: Civic Press, 1910.

The Palos Verdes of Today, 1926. n.p., 1926.

Requa, Richard S. A.I.A. Architectural Details, Spain and the Mediterranean. Los Angeles: The Monolith Portland Cement Company, 1926.

Schaffer, Daniel. Garden Cities for America: The Radburn Experience. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1982.

Sexton, Randolph Williams. Spanish Influence on American Architecture and Decoration. New York: Brentano's, 1927.

Thacker, Mary Eva. "A History of Los Palos Verdes Rancho, 1542-1923." M.A. thesis, University of Southern California, 1923.

Tunnard, Christopher. American Skyline: The Growth and Form of Our Cities and Towns. New York: New American Library, 1956.

Vanderlip, Frank A.. From Farm Boy To Financier. New York & London: D. Appleton-Century company Inc., 1935.

Wilson, William H. The City Beautiful Movement. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989.

Periodicals and Newspapers

Allison, David C. "Seven Years of Architectural Control in Palos Verdes." The Architect and Engineer. 100: (January 1930), 53-74.

"Art Jury Under Fire: Investigation Ordered." Palos Verdes News. (4 July 1941): 1-2.

Bruner, E.L. "California Type of Architecture." The Architect and Engineer. (October 1926): 97-9.

"Californian Architecture." Palos Verdes Bulletin. 4 (October 1928): 2-4.

Cheney Charles Henry. "Palos Verdes Eight Years of Development." The Architect and Engineer. 100 (January 1930): 35-42.

"Palos Verdes Estates-A Model Residential Suburb." Pacific Coast Architect. 31(April 1927): 21.

"Where Poor Architecture Cannot Come: Palos Verdes Estates, California." The Western Architect. 37(April 1928):75-7,85.

Duell, Prentice. "The New Era of California Architecture:I Los Angeles." The Western Architect. (August 1923): 87 96.

Duncan, Frances. "The Landscaping at Palos Verdes." Los Angeles Times. (September 23, 1928).

Gebhard, David. "The Spanish Colonial Revival in Southern California (1895-1930)." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 26 (May 1967):131-47.

Hall, George D. "Beverly Hills, California-A Subdivision That Grew Into A City." American Landscape Architect. 3 (August 1930): 25-26.

Hudak, Joseph. "Nine Decades of Landscape Design, Frederick Law Olmsted, SR.-Olmsted Brothers, 1955." Landscape Architecture. 45 (April 1955):123-33.

Low, J.C. "Community Association Control." The Architect and Engineer. 100 (January 1930): 43-8.

"Magnificent Hostelry to Crown Commanding Knoll Between the City and the Sea." Los Angeles Sunday Times, Real Estate Section. (May 14,1911).

Mitchell, James H. "On the Manner of House." Pacific Coast Architect. 33 (June 1928):13-14,44.

Morrow, Irving F. "Domestic Architecture in California: Being a Letter to an Eastern Observer." The Architect and Engineer. (April 1926): 35-43,106.

"A Step Toward A Californian Architecture." The Architect and Engineer. 66 (August 1921):47-51.

"The Neptune Fountain To Be Dedicated February 16th." Palos Verdes Bulletin. 6 (February 1930): 1.

Newcomb, Rexford. "Palos Verdes: An Ideal Residential Community. The Western Architect. 37 (April 1928): 79-82.

Palos Verdes Estates: Prominent Among the World's Famous Resident Communities. Palos Verdes, California: Neuner Corporation, 1928.

Palos Verdes Estates: Protective Restriction, Palos Verdes Estates. Los Angeles: Privately Published, 1923.

"The Palos Verdes Protective Restrictions, 6 Types of Architecture." Palos Verdes Bulletin. 4 (February 1928): 4-5.

"The Playground Planting." Palos Verdes Bulletin. 4 (June 1928): 7-8.

"Riverside, Illinois, A Residential Neighborhood Designed Over Sixty Years Ago. Selections from the Papers of Frederick Law Olmsted, Senior." Landscape Architecture. 21 (July, 1931): 256-291.

Stoddard, W.L. "Frank A. Vanderlip's Biggest and Handsomest of All Country Clubs." Boston Evening Transcript. (18 July 1941):1.

Whiting, Edward Clark and William Lyman Phillips. "Frederick Law Olmsted-1870-1957: Appreciation of the Man and His Achievements." Landscape Architecture. 48 (1955):145-57.

Reports and Zoning Ordinances

Bartholomew, Harland and Associates. A Report Upon Streets, Parking, Zoning, City of Beverly Hills, California, Prepared for the City Council. St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, January, 1948.

California State Park Commission. Report of State Park Survey of California. Sacramento, California: California State Printing Office, 1929.

Carpenter, Ford A. Reports of the Weather Service of the Palos Verdes Syndicate. Los Angeles: Privately printed, 1915.

Conference on City Planning. The California Planning Act of 1927, n.p. 1927.

Cheney, Charles Henry. Building for Permanency. Boston: National Conference on City Planning, 1928.

General Report on Progress of a City Plan for Fresno. Fresno, California: Fresno-Clovis Area Planning Commission, 1927.

Major Traffic Street Plan, Boulevard and Park System for Santa Barbara, California. Santa Barbara, California: Schauer Printing Studio, 1924.

Procedures for Zoning or Districting Cities. San Francisco: Privately Printed, 1917.

City of Beverly Hills. Ordinance No. 87. An Ordinance of the City of Beverly Hills, California, Establishing and Creating In Said City Zones and Regulating Therein the Erection, Construction, Establishment, Alteration and Enlargement and the Use of Buildings, Structures and Improvements. Beverly Hills, California: City of Beverly Hills, December 4, 1922.

Commonwealth Trust Company. Selection Map, Palos Verdes Estates. Los Angeles: The Company, Neuner Corporation, 1923.

Hatfield, D. D. and Gerry Fitzgerald. Zoning Atlas of Greater Los Angeles. Los Angeles: Hatfield Mapping Service, 1942.

Johnson Heumann Research Associates, Beverly Hills Historic Resources Survey, 1985-1986, Final Report Prepared for the City of Beverly Hills and Office of Historic Preservation State of California. Los Angeles: Johnson Heumann Research Associates, 1986.

Lewis, E. G. Palos Verdes, Los Angeles. Atascadero, California: Atascadero Press, 1922.

Los Angeles Department of City Planning. Reseda-West Van District Plan. Los Angeles: Department of City Planning, 1991.

Los Angeles Traffic Commission. Committee on Los Angeles Plan of Major Highways. A Major Traffic Street Plan for Los Angeles; Prepared for the Committee on Los Angeles Plan of Major Highways of the Traffic Commission of the City and County of Los Angeles. Los Angeles Traffic Commission: Los Angeles, 1924.

National Conference on City Planning. Architectural Control of Private Property. n.p. New York, 1927.

Nolen, John. City Planning; A Series of Papers Presenting the Essential Elements of a City Plan. New York and London: D. Appleton and Company, 1916.

Olmsted, Frederick Law, Jr. Relation of Park Planning to City and Regional Planning n.p. American Institute of Park Executives, 1925. What Is 'Professional' Practice in Landscape Architecture? Harrisburg, Pennsylvania n.p. 1929.

Shurtleff, Flavel. Carrying Out the city Plan the Practical Application of American Law in the Execution of City Plans. New York: Survey Associates Incorporated, 1914.

What City Planning Commission Can Do. San Francisco: California Conference on City Planning, 1915.

List of Illustrations

Where no source reference is given the photograph has been supplied by the author

Figure 1: Introductory Statement and Drawing (from The Palos Verdes of Today, 1926)

Figure 2: Map of Riverside, Olmsted, Vaux and Co., Landscape Architects (from Landscape Architecture, vol. 21, no. 4, July, 1931)

Figure 3: View of Scala di Anacapri (postcard, ca. 1900)

Figure 4: Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery, San Marino, California (postcard, Switzerland, Atelier Graphique)

Figure 5: Palos Verdes Public Library, Myron Hunt and H. C. Chambers, Architects

Figure 6: Adopted General Design for Malaga Cove Plaza, Palos Verdes Estates, Charles H. Cheney, Consultant in City Planning, Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects (from The Architect and Engineer. vol. 50, no. 1, January, 1930)

Figure 7: Gardner Building (La Casa Primera) Webber, Staunton, and Spaulding, Architects

Figure 8: Alpha Syndicate Building (La Casa del Portal) Webber, Staunton, and Spaulding, Architects

Figure 9: Sallyport, Alpha Syndicate Building

Figure 10: Plan, Beverly Hills (from American Landscape Architect. vol.3, no.20, August, 1930)

Figure 11: Map, "The Great San Fernando Valley, 1910-1922, Showing towns that existed at that time" (from Catherine Mulholland, The Owensmouth Baby: The Making Of A San Fernando Valley Town. Northridge, California: Santa Susana Press, 1987, courtesy of Catherine Mulholland)

Figure 12: Headline (from Boston Evening Transcript 18 July 1914)

Figure 13: Advertisement for "Palos Verdes the City Beautiful" (from California Southland, February, 1926)

Figure 14: Crescent Drive, Beverly Hills, 1911 (courtesy of Beverly Hills Public Library Historical Collection)

Figure 15: Advertisement for Owensmouth, "130,000 Acres of Rich Lands" (from Catherine Mulholland, The Owensmouth Baby: The Making Of A San Fernando Valley Town. Northridge, California: Santa Susana Press, 1987, courtesy of Catherine Mulholland)

Figure 16: Headline, "Art Jury Under Fire, Investigation Ordered" (from Palos Verdes News, 4 July 1941)

Figure 17: Detail, Van Nuys Quadrangle (United States Geological Survey of Van Nuys)

Figure 18: Detail, Redondo Beach Quadrangle (United States Geological Survey of Palos Verdes Peninsula)

Figure 19: Detail, Beverly Hills Quadrangle (United States Geological Survey of Beverly Hills)

Figure 20: Study of Development for Santa Monica Blvd. Parkway, Beverly Hills, California, Cook, Hall, and Cornell, Landscape Architects and City Planners (from American Landscape Architect, vol.3, no.20, August, 1930)

Figure 21: Electric fountain, Beverly Hills, California, ca. 1937 (Postcard, Western Publishing & Novelty Company, Los Angeles, California)

Figure 22: Sketch, entrance from Redondo (from Frederick Law Olmsted, "Entrance from Redondo Section," 9 January 1923, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 23: Sketch Section A, Section B, entrance from Redondo (from Frederick Law Olmsted, "Entrance from Redondo Section," 9 January 1923, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 24: Sunset Boulevard, Beverly Hills, 1915 (courtesy of Beverly Hills Public Library Historical Collection)

Figure 25: Palm Drive, Beverly Hills, Southern California (Postcard)

Figure 26: "Foundation for a Prosperous Future," Hollywood and Palos Verdes Parkway, Sepulveda Boulevard and Parkway (Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 27: Oranges and Snow in Winter, California (Postcard)

Figure 28: Headline, "Magnificent Hostelry to Crown Commanding Knoll Between the City and the Sea" (from Los Angeles Sunday Times, Real Estate and Development Section, 14 May 1911)

Figure 29: "Palm-lined drive of the beautiful Beverly Hills Hotel in Beverly Hills, California," ca. 1948 (Postcard, Mike Roberts Studios, Berkeley, California)

Figure 30: Beverly Hills Hotel and Grounds, Beverly Hills California (Postcard, Pacific Novelty Co. San Francisco and Los Angeles)

Figure 31: Beverly Hills, Bridle Path, ca. 1920s (Postcard)

Figure 32: La Venta Inn, Palos Verdes Estates, Pierpont and Walter S. Davis, Architects, Photograph by Padilla Studios, Los Angeles (from The Palos Verdes of Today, 1926)

Figure 33: View, Entrance Drive to Palos Verdes Estates, Palos Verdes Drive/Granvia La Costa

Figure 34: View from Palos Verdes Drive/Granvia La Costa above Malaga Cove, Palos Verdes Estates

Figure 35: Hollywood, California by Night (Postcard)

Figure 36: Lower: Residence of Earle W. Gard, Upper: Residences of W. M. Sutherland, Palos Verdes Estates, Kirtland Cutter, Architect (from The Architect and Engineer, vol. 100, no. 1, January, 1930)

Figure 37: Painting, View of Olmsted House, ca. 1930 (from Palos Verdes Bulletin)

Figure 38: View, Palos Verdes Hills

Figure 39: Fountain in Farnham Martin's Park, contemporary view

Figure 40: Fountain in Farnham Martin's Park, Palos Verdes Estates, Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects (from The Architect and Engineer, vol. 50, no. 1, January, 1930)

Figure 41: Sketch for road grade, 21 December 1916 (John C. Olmsted, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 42: Street Map, Palos Verdes Estates (courtesy of Palos Verdes Public Library)

Figure 43: View of Center Strip, Palos Verdes Drive/Granvia La Costa

Figure 44: "Palos Verdes-Malaga Cove and Montemalaga Districts from the air-January, 1927" (Spence Airplane Photograph, from Landscape Architecture, vol. 17, no. 4, July, 1927)

Figure 45: Aerial View, North from Santa Monica Boulevard Between Rodeo and Beverly Drives, Beverly Hills, 1921 (courtesy of Beverly Hills Public Library Historical Collection)

Figure 46: Major Street Plan, Beverly Hills (from Harland Bartholomew and Associates. A Report Upon Streets, Parking, Zoning, City of Beverly Hills, California, Prepared for the City Council. St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, January, 1948)

Figure 47: Existing Land Use, Beverly Hills, by Harland Bartholomew & Associates (from Harland Bartholomew and Associates. A Report Upon Streets, Parking, Zoning, City of Beverly Hills, California, Prepared for the City Council. St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, January, 1948)

Figure 48: Aerial View of convergence of six streets, south of the Beverly Hills Hotel, 1918 (courtesy of Beverly Hills Public Library Historical Collection)

Figure 49: Detail, Map of the San Fernando Valley, ca. 1940 (from Security-First National Map of San Fernando Valley, Security-First National Bank of Los Angeles)

Figure 50: Cover of Owensmouth brochure (from Catherine Mulholland, The Owensmouth Baby: The Making Of A San Fernando Valley Town. Northridge, California: Santa Susana Press, 1987, courtesy of Catherine Mulholland)

Figure 51: Map of Reseda, Generalized Circulation (from Los Angeles Department of City Planning. Reseda-West Van District Plan. Los Angeles: Department of City Planning, 1991)

Figure 52: Zoning Map, Van Nuys, City of Los Angeles (from D. D. Hatfield and Gerry Fitzgerald, Zoning Atlas of Greater Los Angeles, Los Angeles: Hatfield Mapping Service, 1942)

Figure 53: Plan of Portion of Malaga Cove showing zoning and scheme for improvements, Charles H. Cheney, Consultant in City Planning, Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects (from Landscape Architecture, vol. 17, no. 4, July, 1927)

Figure 54: Aerial View, Van Nuys (from Los Angeles Department of City Planning. Reseda-West Van District Plan. Los Angeles: Department of City Planning, 1991)

Figure 55: Existing Pavement Widths, Beverly Hills (from Harland Bartholomew and Associates. A Report Upon Streets, Parking, Zoning, City of Beverly Hills, California, Prepared for the City Council. St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, January, 1948)

Figure 56: Detail, Developed Areas of Palos Verdes Estates (from Map, Fourth Edition, March, 1927, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 57: Haggarty Residence, by Armand Monaco, Architect, Malaga Cove District, Palos Verdes Estates, 1928 (from Palos Verdes Bulletin, vol. 4, no. 2, September, 1928)

Figure 58: Preliminary Layout for Block 1277, Margate Subdivision, Palos Verdes Estates (from Landscape Architecture, vol. 17, no. 4, July, 1927)

Figure 59: Plan of Garden and Grounds of Mr. A. E. Cameron, Palos Verdes Estates by Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects (from Landscape Architecture, vol. 17, no. 4, July, 1927)

Figure 60: "Home Architecture as Developed Under The Guidance of the Palos Verdes Art Jury," Photograph by Padilla Studios, Los Angeles (from The Palos Verdes of Today, 1926)

Figure 61: Plan of Grounds of Benjamin R. Meyer Estate, Beverly Hills, by Paul G. Thiene, Landscape Architect (from California Southland, April, 1922)

Figure 62: Residence of Mr. and Mrs. Don Gilmore, Palos Verdes Estates (from Palos Verdes Bulletin, vol. 4, no. 10, October, 1928)

Figure 63: John Gilbert's Spanish Home in Beverly Hills, California, ca. 1929 (Postcard, Western Publishing & Novelty Company, Los Angeles, California)

Figure 64: Bungalow, Los Angeles, ca. 1920s (Postcard)

Figure 65: Page 8, Types of Architecture Approved for Palos Verdes Estates, "Definitions of Types of Architecture" (from the Protective Restrictions of Record, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 66: "Specimens of TYPE I Architecture" (from Types of Architecture Approved for Palos Verdes Estates, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 67: Frederick Law Olmsted House, Jr. Myron Hunt and H. C. Chambers, Architects, Photograph by Padilla Studios, Los Angeles (from The Palos Verdes of Today, 1926)

Figure 68: File clipping, Headlines, "Frederick Law Olmsted Residence at Palos Verdes," drawing of floor plan and patio (from Los Angeles Examine r, section IV, 6, s.d., Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 69: Porch of Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. Residence, Palos Verdes Estates (from Landscape Architecture, vol. 17, no. 4 July, 1927)

Figure 70: Plan of Grounds of Mr. F. L. Olmsted at Palos Verdes, Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects (from The Architect and Engineer, vol. 100, no. 1, January, 1930)

Figure 71: Plan of Grounds of Benjamin R. Meyer Estate, Beverly Hills, by Paul G. Thiene, Landscape Architect (from California Southland, April, 1922)

Figure 72: View of Loggia and Swimming Pool, Benjamin R. Meyer Estate, Beverly Hills, Paul G. Thiene, Landscape Architect (from California Southland, March, 1925)

Figure 73: "Specimens of TYPE II Architecture" (from Types of Architecture Approved for Palos Verdes Estates, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 74: "Specimens of TYPE III Architecture" (from Types of Architecture Approved for Palos Verdes Estates, Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Records of Olmsted Associates)

Figure 75: Examples of Revival Residential Plans (from Francis Pierpont Davis, Walter Swindell Davis, et al., Ideal Homes In Garden Communities, A Book of Stock Plans, New York City: Robert M. McBride and Company, 1919)

Figure 76: Plan of a Small House in Valmonte District of Palos Verdes Estates, H. Roy Kelley, Architect (from The Architect and Engineer, vol. 100, no. 1, January, 1930)

Figure 77: Elevation, "Plan No. 1004, A Little Four-Room Bungalow" (from William Draper Brinckloe. The Small Home: How to Plan and Build It, With Sixty Practical Plans for Low Cost Bungalows, Cottages, Farmhouses, Apartments, Garages and Barns. New York: R. M. McBride, 1926)

Figure 78: Floor plan, "Plan No. 1004, A Little Four-Room Bungalow" (from William Draper Brinckloe. The Small Home: How to Plan and Build It, With Sixty Practical Plans for Low Cost Bungalows, Cottages, Farmhouses, Apartments, Garages and Barns. New York: R. M. McBride, 1926)

Figure 79: Rendering, Rudolph Schindler, Architect, Aline Barnsdall Translucent House project for Palos Verdes Estates, 1927-1928 (Courtesy Architectural Drawing Collection/University Art Museum, University of California, Santa Barbara)

Figure 80: Drawing, Rudolph Schindler, Architect, H. N. von Koerber House, Hollywood Riviera, Torrance, 1931-1932 (Courtesy Architectural Drawing Collection/University Art Museum, University of California, Santa Barbara)